References
[1] Simou, E., Britton, J., & Leonardi-Bee, J. (2018). Alcohol and the risk of pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open, 8(8), e022344.
[2] Zimmermann, P., & Curtis, N. (2019). Factors that influence the immune response to vaccination. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 32(2).
[3] Gunstone, B., Samra, S., & Newbold, P. (2020, October). Monitor 2020. Drinkaware and YouGov. https://www.drinkaware.co.uk/research/drinkaware-monitors/drinkaware-monitor-2020-drinking-and-the-coronavirus-pandemic
[4]Drinkaware warns of health risks as almost third of drinkers are exceeding drinking guidelines. (2020, December 30). https://www.drinkaware.co.uk/professionals/press/drinkaware-warns-of-health-risks-as-almost-third-of-drinkers-are-exceeding-drinking-guidelines
[5] Jacob, L., Smith, L., Armstrong, N.C., Yakkundi, A., Barnett, Y., Butler, L., McDermott, D.T., Koyanagi, A., Shin, J.I., Meyer, J. and Firth, J. (2020). Alcohol use and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-sectional study in a sample of UK adults. Drug and alcohol dependence, 219, 108488.
[6] Daly, M., & Robinson, E. (2020). High-risk drinking in midlife before versus during the COVID-19 crisis: longitudinal evidence from the United Kingdom. American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
[7] Institute of Alcohol Studies. (2020, June). Alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK Summary of emerging evidence from the UK. http://www.ias.org.uk/uploads/pdf/IAS%20reports/sb28062020.pdf
[8] Is it OK to drink while on medication? | Drinkaware. (2020). https://www.drinkaware.co.uk/facts/health-effects-of-alcohol/lifestyle/is-it-ok-to-drink-while-on-medication
[9] Sarkar, D., Jung, M. K., & Wang, H. J. (2015). Alcohol and the immune system. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 37(2), 153.
[10] Pasala, S., Barr, T., &Messaoudi, I. (2015). Impact of alcohol abuse on the adaptive immune system. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 37(2), 185.
[11]"For many diseases, one dose of vaccine does not give full protection. Some vaccines do work with a single dose, but it can take two or three weeks for the body to develop good levels of antibodies to protect against the disease."
FAQs about vaccines | Vaccine Knowledge. (2019, January 17). https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/faqs-about-vaccines
[12]“When the human body is exposed to an antigen for the first time, it takes time for the immune system to respond and produce antibodies specific to that antigen.”
How do vaccines work? (2020, December 8). https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/how-do-vaccines-work
[13] “It may take a week or two for your body to build up some protection from the first dose of vaccine.”
What to expect after your COVID-19 vaccination. (2021, January 15). GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-vaccination-what-to-expect-after-vaccination/what-to-expect-after-your-covid-19-vaccination
[14] Sarkar, D., Jung, M. K., & Wang, H. J. (2015). Alcohol and the immune system. Alcohol research: current reviews, 37(2), 153.
[15] Pasala, S., Barr, T., &Messaoudi, I. (2015). Impact of alcohol abuse on the adaptive immune system. Alcohol research: current reviews, 37(2), 185.