ASDA Personal Score Leaflet References

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Stroke

Reynolds, K., Lewis, B., Nolen, J.D.L., Kinney, G.L., Sathya, B. and He, J. (2003). Alcohol consumption and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis. JAMA, 289(5), 579-588.

Sleep

Roehrs, T. and Roth, T. (2001). Sleep, sleepiness, and alcohol use. Alcohol Research and Health, 25(2), 101-109.

Low mood

Bellos, S., Skapinakis, P., Rai, D., Zitko, P., Araya, R., Lewis, G., Lionis, C. and Mavreas, V. (2013). Cross-cultural patterns of the association between varying levels of alcohol consumption and the common mental disorders of depression and anxiety: Secondary analysis of the WHO Collaborative Study on Psychological Problems in General Health Care. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 133(3), 825-831.

Cancer risk

Bagnardi, V., Rota, M., Botteri, E., Tramacere, I., Islami, F., Fedirko, V., Scotti, L., Jenab, M., Turati, F., Pasquali, E. and Pelucchi, C. (2015). Alcohol consumption and site-specific cancer risk: a comprehensive dose–response meta-analysis. British Journal of Cancer, 112(3), 580-593.

Heart disease

Roerecke, M. and Rehm, J. (2010). Irregular heavy drinking occasions and risk of ischemic heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 171(6), 633-644.

High blood pressure

Xin, X., He, J., Frontini, M.G., Ogden, L.G., Motsamai, O.I. and Whelton, P.K. (2001). Effects of alcohol reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hypertension, 38(5), 1112-1117.

Obesity

Traversy, G. and Chaput, J.P. (2015). Alcohol consumption and obesity: an update. Current Obesity Reports, 4(1), 122-130.

Liver cirrhosis

Savolainen, V.T., Liesto, K., Männikkö, A., Penttilä, A. and Karhunen, P.J. (1993). Alcohol consumption and alcoholic liver disease: evidence of a threshold level of effects of ethanol. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 17(5), 1112-1117.

Sexual dysfunction

Peugh, J. and Belenko, S. (2001). Alcohol, drugs and sexual function: a review. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 33(3), 223-232.

Impotence

Aicken, C.R., Nardone, A. and Mercer, C.H. (2010). Alcohol misuse, sexual risk behaviour and adverse sexual health outcomes: evidence from Britain's national probability sexual behaviour surveys. Journal of Public Health, 33(2), 262-271.

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Drinking guidelines

Department of Health. (2016). UK Chief Medical Officers’ Low Risk Drinking Guidelines. DOH. [Online] Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/545937/UK_CMOs__report.pdf.